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Tables 45, 46, and 47 summarize trends in petroleum product imports, exports, and levels of US demand (use) for these products For the most common refinery products, statistics are available showing US use patterns for sectors such as major industrial5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL Go to: 51 PRODUCTION Cadmium is a widely but sparsely distributed elementPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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The estimated, cumulative production and consumption volumes (in millions ofAs in the case of import, the export of benzene from the United States to other countries is dependent on domestic and world production and5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND
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In this process, feed streams ranging from light hydrocarbons to heavy gas oils areDomestic production, import, and export data for kerosene is summarized in Tables 51 and 52 These data were derived from the EPA Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) system and the newly developed5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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As in the case of import, the export of benzene from the United States to other5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL PRODUCTION 5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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Due to the toxicity of this chemical, the production of manufacturing use products was cancelled effective as of September 2000 The production of most end use products was terminated as of December 31, 2002, withPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL Toxicological Profile for Chromium NCBI Bookshelf Tables 51 and 52 list the facilities in each state that manufacture or process chromium, the intended use,5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND
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5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION Carbon monoxide is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon in liquid, solid, and gaseous fuels (George 2001)5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION No information is available in the TRI database on facilities that manufacture or process uranium, because this chemical is notPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL approximately 5–7 million pounds based on product sales (EPA 2004) According to the California Environmental Protection Agency, approximately 577,874 pounds (active ingredient) of DEET were sold in California alone in 2008 (son et al 2012)PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 41 PRODUCTION Because of its low cost and high purity, formaldehyde has become one of the most important industrial and research chemicals in the world Between 1958 and 1968, the annual growth rate for formaldehyde production averaged 117% (Gerberich et al 1980) During the late4 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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52 IMPORT/EXPORT Imports of distillate fuels have varied from year to year since the 1970s Since 1975, imports of distillate jet fuels such as jet fuel no 1 into the United States have been low compared to the amount of distillate jet fuels produced in the United States ()Imports of kerosene fluctuated between 1975 and 1984 and then showed a steady5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL liquefaction processes for coal are all potential sources of benzene (IARC 1982a) Of the total US production capacity of 3109 billion gallons in 2004, catalytic reformats constituted 45%, toluene and xylene 30%, pyrolysis gasoline 23%, and coke oven <2% (SRI 2004)5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION No information is available in the TRI database on facilities that manufacture or process radon because this chemical is not required to be reported under Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community RighttoKnow Act (Title III of the Superfund Amendments andPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION Barium is a dense alkaline earth metal that occurs naturally in ore deposits and makes up 005% of the Earth's crust (Genter 2001) Barium and its compounds may be found in nature or produced industrially for various uses5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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52 IMPORT/EXPORT Data on import and export of atrazine are limited The most recent import and export data available are for the year 1972 (HSDB 2002); a negligible amount was imported, and exports were reported as 908x106 kg (19,000,000 pounds) Bason and Colborn (1998) did not provide any 1990 export information for atrazine 53 USEPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 41 PRODUCTION Initially synthesized in the late 1940s, dichlorvos was not registered for insecticidal use in the United States under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) until 1948 ( EPA 1987b ) Until large scale production of dichlorvos began in the late 1950s, the4 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL of in a designated landfill or recycled (HSDB 1996) Except for the TRI statistics, no data were located regarding the approximate amounts of chloroform disposed or released to environmental media Chapter 7 provides more details on federal or state regulations governing the disposal of chloroformPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL pressure tanks (holding between 4 and 30 thousand tons) or smaller (holding approximately 210 tons), pressurized tanks (Farm Chemicals Handbook 1987) Barges are often used for refrigerated shipments because of their lower cost5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 41 PRODUCTION Background information on production for the three major categories of hydraulic fluids that are the subject of this profile is summarized below Most hydraulic fluid products involve special formulations or mixtures marketed under specific trade names5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION Americium does not occur in nature Although the amount of 241 Am produced is believed to be several kilograms a year, the only isotope produced for commercial use is 241 Am No production figures were available in the published literaturePRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL alumina (aluminum oxide) In the second step (HallHéroult process), alumina is reduced to aluminum metal by an electrolytic process involving carbon electrodes and cryolite flux (3NaF ·AlF 3) The electrolytic reduction process of transforming alumina into aluminum is carried out inPRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL pyrolytic incineration (US A rmy 1986a) The primary disadvantage of open burning or incineration is that explosive contaminants are often released into the air, water, and soils (US Army 1986c) Munitions such as RDX have also been disposed of in the past by dumping into deep seawater5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 12 million pounds (5,400 metric tons) reported in 1977 (HSDB 2010) Between 1 and 10 million pounds of 1,4dioxane were produced in the United States in 2002 (HSDB 2010) The worldwide production capacity in 1985 was estimated to be 11,000–14,000 metric tons/year In 1995, the productionTable 51 lists the number of facilities in each state that manufacture or process 1,1dichloroethane, the activities and uses, and the range of maximum amounts of 1,1dichloroethane that are stored on site The data listed in Table 51 are derived from the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI13 2014) Based on the TRI information from 2013, therePRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL
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5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION 1,3Butadiene was discovered in the nineteenth century and its use in the development of rubberlike polymers was explored during the early 1900s (Grub and Loser 2005; Sun and Wristers 2002) Large volume production of 1,3butadiene in the United States began5 PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 51 PRODUCTION Table 51 lists the production year, number of facilities, the state where each facility is located, and the range (in pounds) for each domestic manufacturer that reported the production or formulation of nitrate compounds in 2012 (TRI12 2014)PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL